On the Dvādaśī the pavitrāropaṇa — the offering of the sacred thread — to Vāsudeva is taught, with threads of gold, silver, copper, linen, silk and lotus-fibre.
ஆங்கில மொழிபெயர்ப்பு: ஹோரா — கோப்பில் உள்ள பதிப்பில் இந்தி உரை மட்டுமே உள்ளது.
The eleventh tithi of each fortnight, dearest of all days to Viṣṇu. Eleven stands for the ten senses and the mind; on this day they are turned from food toward the Lord. The Padma Purāṇa gives each of the year’s Ekādaśīs its own name, story and fruit.
📜சாஸ்திரக் கதை
Padma Purāṇa, Uttara-khaṇḍa 38 — the birth of Ekādaśī
In the Kṛta age the asura Mura drove the gods from heaven. Viṣṇu fought him for a thousand divine years and then withdrew to rest in the cave Hemavatī at Badarikāśrama. Mura followed, meaning to slay the sleeping Lord — when from Viṣṇu’s own body sprang a radiant maiden, armed, who met the asura in battle and reduced him to ashes with a sound. Waking, the Lord asked who had done this; she answered that she was born of him, on the eleventh day. Pleased, he named her Ekādaśī and granted her wish: that whoever fasts on her day be freed from wrong and come to his abode.
🌙விரதம்
A light single meal on Daśamī; on Ekādaśī a full fast, or fruit and milk, with all grains and beans set aside; a night vigil with the names of Hari; and pāraṇa on Dvādaśī morning after sunrise, within the Dvādaśī, after feeding another.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
Viṣṇu is worshipped with tulasī leaves, sandal, flowers, lamp and fruit; the Viṣṇu-sahasranāma, the Gītā and the Ekādaśī-māhātmya of the day are read; lamps are lit before the tulasī at dusk.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 2
ॐ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय ॥
oṃ namo bhagavate vāsudevāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to the blessed Lord Vāsudeva.
பலன்: The dvādaśākṣara — by this mantra the child Dhruva saw the Lord within six months; recited for devotion, protection and liberation.
Bhāgavata Purāṇa 4.8.54 — the twelve-syllable mantra Nārada gives to Dhruva
ॐ नमो नारायणाय ॥
oṃ namo nārāyaṇāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Nārāyaṇa, the refuge of all beings.
பலன்: The eight-syllable mantra — the Upaniṣad says one who recites it attains full life, prosperity and the abode of Viṣṇu.
The thirteenth tithi at twilight — the hour and a half around sunset when Śiva, having drunk the poison of the churned ocean, danced between the horns of Nandī for the joy of the gods. Worship in this window is held to please him swiftly; a Monday (Soma) or Saturday (Śani) Pradoṣa is prized most.
When the hālāhala poison rose from the churned ocean and scorched the worlds, the gods fled to Kailāsa. Śiva, in compassion, gathered the poison in his palm and drank it; Pārvatī pressed his throat, and it stayed there, turning it blue — Nīlakaṇṭha. The Skanda Purāṇa tells that on the thirteenth, at dusk, he danced in gladness while the gods stood round in worship, and relates how a destitute widow’s son and an orphaned prince, taught the Pradoṣa vow by the sage Śāṇḍilya, regained a kingdom by it.
🌙விரதம்
A fast from sunrise, broken after the twilight worship; kept on both thirteenths of the month.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
In the pradoṣa window: abhiṣeka of the liṅga with milk and water, bilva leaves, lamp and incense; Nandī is worshipped first and the liṅga viewed between his horns; the pradakṣiṇā is done in the half-circle Soma-sūtra manner; the Śiva-pradoṣa-stotra and Rudram are recited.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 2
ॐ नमः शिवाय ॥
oṃ namaḥ śivāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Śiva, the auspicious one.
பலன்: The five-syllable mantra at the heart of the Yajurveda — purifies the five elements of the body and steadies the mind in Śiva.
பொருள்: We worship the three-eyed Lord, fragrant, the nourisher of all; as a ripe gourd is freed from its stalk, may he free us from death, not from immortality.
பலன்: The great death-conquering mantra — japa of 108 for health, long life, recovery from illness and fearlessness.
The bond of protection. A consecrated thread (rakṣā) is tied on the wrist — by the priest on the patron, by the sister on the brother — and with it a vow of mutual care. On the same full moon the twice-born renew the sacred thread and begin the year’s Vedic study (Upākarma, Āvaṇi Aviṭṭam), and the coast offers coconuts to the sea (Nāraḷī Pūrṇimā).
📜சாஸ்திரக் கதை
Bhaviṣya Purāṇa, Uttara-parva 137
Kṛṣṇa told Yudhiṣṭhira of an ancient war: for twelve years the gods fought the asuras and Indra, worn out, was ready to yield. His queen Śacī said, “Today is the full moon of Śrāvaṇa; I shall make you invincible.” With the blessing of Bṛhaspati she prepared a protective amulet, consecrated it with mantras and tied it on Indra’s right wrist. He returned to the field and won back the three worlds. “Such is the power of the rakṣā,” said Kṛṣṇa — “it gives victory, happiness, sons, health and wealth; let it be tied every year.”
🪔பிராந்திய மரபுகளும் நாட்டுப்புறக் கதைகளும்
The Bhāgavata’s Bali story gives the mantra its first line: Lakṣmī is said to have tied a thread on King Bali and asked, as a sister’s gift, for the return of Viṣṇu who was guarding his door. Draupadī bound Kṛṣṇa’s bleeding finger with a strip of her sari, and he repaid it thread for thread in the Kuru court. In Rajasthan lumbā rākhīs are tied on the sister-in-law’s bangle; in Nepal it is Janai Pūrṇimā; in Odisha and Bengal it is Jhūlan Pūrṇimā and Balarāma’s birthday.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
The rākhī is placed on a plate with lamp, rice, kumkum and sweets and offered first to the family deity. The sister applies tilaka, ties the thread on the right wrist reciting the rakṣā verse, waves the ārati and sweetens the brother’s mouth; he gives a gift and his word. For Upākarma: ṛṣi-tarpaṇa, the new yajñopavīta, a homa, and the next morning 1,008 Gāyatrī japa.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 2
येन बद्धो बली राजा दानवेन्द्रो महाबलः ।
तेन त्वामभिबध्नामि रक्षे मा चल मा चल ॥
oṃ bhūr bhuvaḥ svaḥ | tat savitur vareṇyaṃ bhargo devasya dhīmahi | dhiyo yo naḥ pracodayāt ||
பொருள்: We meditate on the adorable radiance of the divine Savitṛ; may he awaken our understanding.
பலன்: The mother of the Vedic mantras — recited at sunrise, noon and sunset for clarity of mind, inner light and the blessing of the Sun.
Ṛgveda 3.62.10 (Viśvāmitra)
📖சாஸ்திர மேற்கோள்கள் 2
Bhaviṣya Purāṇa, Uttara-parva 137
Bhāgavata Purāṇa 8.22–23
பௌர்ணமி
✦முக்கியத்துவம்
The full moon — the day of fullness, when the mind’s own planet is complete. It is the customary day for the Satyanārāyaṇa vrata, for charity, for honouring the guru and for a bath in sacred waters; each month’s full moon carries its own festival.
Nārada, grieved by the sufferings of people in the Kali age, asked Viṣṇu for a simple remedy, and the Lord taught him the worship of Satya-Nārāyaṇa — Truth itself as God. The kathā’s five chapters tell of a poor brāhmaṇa of Kāśī, a woodcutter, the merchant Sādhu and his daughter Kalāvatī, and King Tuṅgadhvaja: each prospered by keeping the vow and honouring its prasāda, and each stumbled on forgetting a promise made to the Lord — for truthfulness is the vow’s real offering.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
In the evening: a kalaśa and an image or picture of Viṣṇu under a canopy of plantain stems; offerings of tulasī, fruit and the prasāda of roasted wheat flour, sugar, ghee, milk and banana (sapāda-bhakṣya); the five-chapter kathā is read aloud and the prasāda shared with all. Arghya is offered to the risen moon.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 2
ॐ नमो नारायणाय ॥
oṃ namo nārāyaṇāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Nārāyaṇa, the refuge of all beings.
பலன்: The eight-syllable mantra — the Upaniṣad says one who recites it attains full life, prosperity and the abode of Viṣṇu.
Nārāyaṇa Upaniṣad (Kṛṣṇa Yajurveda)
ॐ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय ॥
oṃ namo bhagavate vāsudevāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to the blessed Lord Vāsudeva.
பலன்: The dvādaśākṣara — by this mantra the child Dhruva saw the Lord within six months; recited for devotion, protection and liberation.
Bhāgavata Purāṇa 4.8.54 — the twelve-syllable mantra Nārada gives to Dhruva
The fourth of the dark fortnight, Gaṇeśa’s monthly vow: saṅkaṣṭa-hara, “the remover of hardships”. The fast is kept until the moon rises. When it falls on a Tuesday it is Aṅgārakī, the most prized of all.
📜சாஸ்திரக் கதை
Gaṇeśa Purāṇa, Upāsanā-khaṇḍa; Mudgala Purāṇa
The Gaṇeśa Purāṇa tells that Aṅgāraka (Mars), son of the Earth and the sage Bharadvāja, worshipped Gaṇeśa with long austerity; the Lord appeared to him on a dark fourth that fell on a Tuesday and granted that the day bear his name, and that whoever keeps the vow on it have every obstacle removed. Each month’s Caturthī has its own form of Gaṇeśa and its own story, told at moonrise.
🌙விரதம்
A day-long fast, fruit and roots permitted; at moonrise Gaṇeśa is worshipped, arghya is given to the Moon, the kathā is heard and the fast is broken.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
Twenty-one dūrvā blades, red flowers, modaka or sesame laḍḍū; the Saṅkaṣṭa-nāśana Gaṇeśa-stotra from the Nārada Purāṇa and the Atharvaśīrṣa are recited.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 1
ॐ गं गणपतये नमः ॥
oṃ gaṃ gaṇapataye namaḥ ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Gaṇapati, lord of the hosts.
பலன்: Recited before every beginning — removes obstacles and grants success, learning and a steady intellect.
Gaṇapati Atharvaśīrṣa Upaniṣad 7
📖சாஸ்திர மேற்கோள்கள் 2
Gaṇeśa Purāṇa, Upāsanā-khaṇḍa
Nārada Purāṇa (Saṅkaṣṭa-nāśana-stotra)
13பு
புதன், 13 ஆகஸ்ட், 2025
ச்ராவணம் · கிருஷ்ண பக்ஷம் சதுர்த்தி · உத்திரட்டாதி
The midnight birth of Śrī Kṛṣṇa, the eighth avatāra, on the eighth tithi of the dark half under the star Rohiṇī — the Lord who comes “whenever dharma declines”. The fast is kept until midnight; the night is spent in song.
📜சாஸ்திரக் கதை
Bhāgavata Purāṇa 10.1–3
Kaṃsa, king of Mathurā, was driving the wedding chariot of his cousin Devakī when a voice from the sky declared that her eighth child would slay him. He imprisoned Devakī and Vasudeva and killed six of their newborns; the seventh, Balarāma, was carried to Rohiṇī’s womb. When the eighth was due, the quarters grew clear, rivers ran calm and the fires of the sages burned bright; at midnight, as Rohiṇī rose, Viṣṇu appeared before his parents four-armed, bearing conch, disc, mace and lotus, and then became an ordinary infant. The chains fell, the guards slept, the prison doors swung open; Vasudeva carried the child in a basket through the storm, Śeṣa spreading his hoods above as an umbrella and the Yamunā parting to make a path. In Gokula he laid the child beside the sleeping Yaśodā and brought back her newborn daughter — Yogamāyā, who slipped from Kaṃsa’s hands into the sky and announced that his slayer was already born.
🪔பிராந்திய மரபுகளும் நாட்டுப்புறக் கதைகளும்
Mathurā and Vṛndāvana celebrate with rāsa-līlā plays and jhūlans (swings). In Maharashtra the Dahī Haṇḍī has human pyramids reaching for a pot of curd hung high, as the butter-thief once did. Tamil homes draw tiny footprints in rice flour from doorstep to shrine and offer sīḍai and murukku; in Udupi, Dvārakā, Guruvāyūr and Manipur the night is kept with great splendour. The next day is Nandotsava, Nanda’s joy at the birth.
🌙விரதம்
The vrata is a full-day fast (fruit and milk for those who need it), a night vigil with kīrtana, and pāraṇa the next day after the tithi and star have passed. The Bhaviṣya Purāṇa praises it as a vow whose merit equals many Ekādaśīs.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
At midnight the infant Kṛṣṇa (Laḍḍū Gopāla) is bathed in pañcāmṛta — milk, curd, ghee, honey and sugar — dressed in new clothes, placed in a decorated cradle and rocked. Butter, miśrī, pañjīrī, tulasī and fifty-six dishes (chappan bhoga) are offered; the tenth canto of the Bhāgavata and the Gītā are read.
The eleventh tithi of each fortnight, dearest of all days to Viṣṇu. Eleven stands for the ten senses and the mind; on this day they are turned from food toward the Lord. The Padma Purāṇa gives each of the year’s Ekādaśīs its own name, story and fruit.
📜சாஸ்திரக் கதை
Padma Purāṇa, Uttara-khaṇḍa 38 — the birth of Ekādaśī
In the Kṛta age the asura Mura drove the gods from heaven. Viṣṇu fought him for a thousand divine years and then withdrew to rest in the cave Hemavatī at Badarikāśrama. Mura followed, meaning to slay the sleeping Lord — when from Viṣṇu’s own body sprang a radiant maiden, armed, who met the asura in battle and reduced him to ashes with a sound. Waking, the Lord asked who had done this; she answered that she was born of him, on the eleventh day. Pleased, he named her Ekādaśī and granted her wish: that whoever fasts on her day be freed from wrong and come to his abode.
🌙விரதம்
A light single meal on Daśamī; on Ekādaśī a full fast, or fruit and milk, with all grains and beans set aside; a night vigil with the names of Hari; and pāraṇa on Dvādaśī morning after sunrise, within the Dvādaśī, after feeding another.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
Viṣṇu is worshipped with tulasī leaves, sandal, flowers, lamp and fruit; the Viṣṇu-sahasranāma, the Gītā and the Ekādaśī-māhātmya of the day are read; lamps are lit before the tulasī at dusk.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 2
ॐ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय ॥
oṃ namo bhagavate vāsudevāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to the blessed Lord Vāsudeva.
பலன்: The dvādaśākṣara — by this mantra the child Dhruva saw the Lord within six months; recited for devotion, protection and liberation.
Bhāgavata Purāṇa 4.8.54 — the twelve-syllable mantra Nārada gives to Dhruva
ॐ नमो नारायणाय ॥
oṃ namo nārāyaṇāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Nārāyaṇa, the refuge of all beings.
பலன்: The eight-syllable mantra — the Upaniṣad says one who recites it attains full life, prosperity and the abode of Viṣṇu.
The thirteenth tithi at twilight — the hour and a half around sunset when Śiva, having drunk the poison of the churned ocean, danced between the horns of Nandī for the joy of the gods. Worship in this window is held to please him swiftly; a Monday (Soma) or Saturday (Śani) Pradoṣa is prized most.
When the hālāhala poison rose from the churned ocean and scorched the worlds, the gods fled to Kailāsa. Śiva, in compassion, gathered the poison in his palm and drank it; Pārvatī pressed his throat, and it stayed there, turning it blue — Nīlakaṇṭha. The Skanda Purāṇa tells that on the thirteenth, at dusk, he danced in gladness while the gods stood round in worship, and relates how a destitute widow’s son and an orphaned prince, taught the Pradoṣa vow by the sage Śāṇḍilya, regained a kingdom by it.
🌙விரதம்
A fast from sunrise, broken after the twilight worship; kept on both thirteenths of the month.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
In the pradoṣa window: abhiṣeka of the liṅga with milk and water, bilva leaves, lamp and incense; Nandī is worshipped first and the liṅga viewed between his horns; the pradakṣiṇā is done in the half-circle Soma-sūtra manner; the Śiva-pradoṣa-stotra and Rudram are recited.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 2
ॐ नमः शिवाय ॥
oṃ namaḥ śivāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Śiva, the auspicious one.
பலன்: The five-syllable mantra at the heart of the Yajurveda — purifies the five elements of the body and steadies the mind in Śiva.
பொருள்: We worship the three-eyed Lord, fragrant, the nourisher of all; as a ripe gourd is freed from its stalk, may he free us from death, not from immortality.
பலன்: The great death-conquering mantra — japa of 108 for health, long life, recovery from illness and fearlessness.
The monthly night of Śiva, the fourteenth of the dark half, when the waning moon — the mind — is almost still. Those who keep all twelve through the year complete the vow on Mahā Śivarātri.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
Evening or midnight worship of the liṅga with water, milk and bilva; a fast through the day; japa of the pañcākṣarī.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 1
ॐ नमः शिवाय ॥
oṃ namaḥ śivāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Śiva, the auspicious one.
பலன்: The five-syllable mantra at the heart of the Yajurveda — purifies the five elements of the body and steadies the mind in Śiva.
The new moon, when Sun and Moon dwell together — the day that belongs to the ancestors. Offerings of water and sesame made today reach them directly, and their blessing is sought for the family’s welfare. A new moon on a Monday (Somavatī) is especially sacred for married women, who circle the pīpal tree 108 times; on a Saturday (Śanaiścarī) Śani is propitiated with sesame oil; on a Tuesday (Bhaumavatī) debts are said to be cleared by ancestral rites.
📜சாஸ்திரக் கதை
Mahābhārata, Anuśāsana-parva 87–92; Matsya Purāṇa 14 (Acchodā and the Pitṛs)
The Matsya Purāṇa tells of Acchodā, mind-born daughter of the Pitṛs, who through a moment’s wavering fell from heaven. The Pitṛs, in compassion, told her that the day of her fall would be named Amāvasyā, dear to them above all days, and that whatever is offered to the ancestors on it would be imperishable. Bhīṣma teaches Yudhiṣṭhira that of all tithis the new moon is foremost for the śrāddha.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
Tarpaṇa with water and black sesame facing south; feeding of crows, cows and the needy; a lamp of sesame oil under the pīpal at dusk; on Somavatī, circumambulation of the pīpal with thread, and a vow of silence at the bath.
Pārvatī’s own vow. Women keep it — many without food or water — for a marriage as steadfast as that of Śiva and Pārvatī; unmarried girls keep it for a worthy husband. The name joins harita, “carried off”, and ālikā, “a friend”.
Śiva himself tells Pārvatī the story of her former austerity. As the daughter of Himavān she had set her heart on Śiva from childhood and practised severe tapas — standing in water in winter, amid five fires in summer, living on dry leaves. When Nārada brought Viṣṇu’s proposal and her father joyfully agreed, she confided her grief to a friend, who led her away to a dense forest so that the marriage could not take place. There, on the third of bright Bhādrapada under the star Hasta, Pārvatī shaped a liṅga of river sand, worshipped it and kept vigil all night without food or water. Śiva’s seat trembled; he appeared and accepted her as his wife. Himavān, finding her, consented to the marriage.
🪔பிராந்திய மரபுகளும் நாட்டுப்புறக் கதைகளும்
Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Nepal keep the vow with henna, green bangles, swings and songs; in Nepal women in red throng Paśupatinātha. Maharashtra keeps it as Haritālikā on the eve of Gaṇeśa Caturthī, and Karnataka and Tamil Nadu as Gaurī Habba, when Gaurī comes to her mother’s house a day before her son.
🌙விரதம்
A nirjala fast through the day and night; the kathā is heard in the evening, the night is kept awake with songs of Gaurī, and the fast is broken after the morning worship with the offered food.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
Images of Śiva, Pārvatī and Gaṇeśa are made of sand or clay and set on a plantain-leaf pavilion. Sixteen adornments (suhāga items) are offered to Pārvatī and a dhotī and upper cloth to Śiva, with bilva, dhatūra, flowers and seasonal fruit; worship is repeated in each of the four watches of the night.
பொருள்: O auspiciousness of all that is auspicious, O consort of Śiva, accomplisher of every aim, refuge, three-eyed Gaurī, Nārāyaṇī — salutation to you.
பலன்: The best-loved verse of the Caṇḍī — recited for auspiciousness in the home, the fulfilment of rightful wishes and the Mother’s protection.
Devī Māhātmya 11.10 (Mārkaṇḍeya Purāṇa) — the gods’ hymn to Nārāyaṇī
ॐ नमः शिवाय ॥
oṃ namaḥ śivāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Śiva, the auspicious one.
பலன்: The five-syllable mantra at the heart of the Yajurveda — purifies the five elements of the body and steadies the mind in Śiva.
The birthday of Gaṇeśa — remover of obstacles, lord of beginnings, patron of letters and learning. A clay image is brought home, worshipped for one and a half, five, seven or ten days, and returned to the water on Ananta Caturdaśī: form arises from the formless and goes back to it.
📜சாஸ்திரக் கதை
Śiva Purāṇa, Rudra-saṃhitā, Kumāra-khaṇḍa 13–18
Pārvatī, wishing for an attendant wholly her own, fashioned a boy from the scurf of her body, gave him life and set him to guard her door while she bathed. When Śiva came the boy barred his way; neither the gaṇas nor the gods could move him, and in the battle that followed Śiva struck off his head. Pārvatī’s grief and anger threatened the worlds, so Śiva sent the gods northward to bring the head of the first creature they met — an elephant. Joined to the boy’s body it lived; Śiva embraced him as his son, named him Gaṇeśa, chief of his hosts, and decreed that he be worshipped first in every rite. The Purāṇa adds that he was born on the fourth of the dark half of Bhādrapada at moonrise, and that his vow is kept on every Caturthī.
🪔பிராந்திய மரபுகளும் நாட்டுப்புறக் கதைகளும்
The Moon once laughed at Gaṇeśa’s round belly and was cursed: whoever looks at the moon tonight suffers false accusation. Kṛṣṇa himself, the story goes, glimpsed it and was blamed for the theft of the Syamantaka jewel (Bhāgavata 10.56–57); hearing that story removes the blemish. Lokmānya Tilak made the festival a public celebration in 1893, and Mumbai and Pune’s paṇḍāls are its heart today. Tamil Nadu keeps Piḷḷaiyār Caturthī with koḻukkaṭṭai, Goa Chavath with mātolī canopies of wild fruit.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
The clay image is installed with prāṇa-pratiṣṭhā and the sixteen-step worship. Twenty-one dūrvā blades, twenty-one modakas, red hibiscus, śamī and sandal are offered; the Gaṇapati Atharvaśīrṣa is recited; a Gaṇapati homa with modaka, dūrvā and lājā is performed at dawn. On the last day comes uttara-pūjā and immersion with the cry “come again early next year”.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 1
ॐ गं गणपतये नमः ॥
oṃ gaṃ gaṇapataye namaḥ ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Gaṇapati, lord of the hosts.
பலன்: Recited before every beginning — removes obstacles and grants success, learning and a steady intellect.
The day of the Seven Sages — Kaśyapa, Atri, Bharadvāja, Viśvāmitra, Gautama, Jamadagni and Vasiṣṭha — with Arundhatī. It is a vow of purification and of gratitude to the seers from whom the Veda and the family lines (gotras) descend.
A brāhmaṇa named Uttaṅka lived in Vidarbha with his wife Suśīlā; their daughter, widowed young, stayed with them. One night her body was covered with worms. The father, in meditation, saw that in an earlier birth she had been careless of the rules of purity in the household, and had once mocked this very vow. He had her keep the Ṛṣi Pañcamī vrata with full devotion; she was healed and, in time, attained good fortune in every birth. Brahmā, who tells the story, declares the vow a cleanser of faults done knowingly or unknowingly.
🪔பிராந்திய மரபுகளும் நாட்டுப்புறக் கதைகளும்
In Maharashtra the day’s meal, ṛṣicī bhājī, is cooked only from vegetables grown without the plough and eaten without salt; in Nepal women bathe with the 365 stems of the apāmārga (datiwan) plant. Māheśvarī and some Rajasthani communities tie rākhī on this day.
🌙விரதம்
Bath in a river with apāmārga twigs and earth, a day’s fast or a single meal of unploughed produce, and the kathā in the afternoon; kept for seven years and closed with an udyāpana honouring seven brāhmaṇas.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
Seven sages and Arundhatī are invoked on eight betel nuts or a drawn lotus of eight petals and worshipped with sandal, flowers, incense, lamp and naivedya; water is offered to each by name.
இருபத்து நான்கு ஏகாதசிகளின் ஆண்டு — வெளி வளையம் சுக்ல, உள் வளையம் கிருஷ்ண; நடுவில் அதிக மாதத்தின் இரண்டு
பத்ம புராணம், உத்தர காண்டம், அத்தியாயம் 38–63, ஒவ்வொரு ஏகாதசியின் மகிமையையும் ஸ்ரீ கிருஷ்ணர் யுதிஷ்டிரருக்குச் சொன்னபடியே கூறுகிறது. அட்டைகள் அமாந்த மாதத்தைத் தருகின்றன; புராணம் வட இந்தியப் பூர்ணிமாந்தக் கணக்கில் பேசுகிறது — நாள் ஒன்றே. ஒவ்வொரு அட்டையும் நூலகத்தில் அதன் அத்தியாயத்தைத் திறக்கிறது.
On the Dvādaśī the pavitrāropaṇa — the offering of the sacred thread — to Vāsudeva is taught, with threads of gold, silver, copper, linen, silk and lotus-fibre.
ஆங்கில மொழிபெயர்ப்பு: ஹோரா — கோப்பில் உள்ள பதிப்பில் இந்தி உரை மட்டுமே உள்ளது.
அத்தியாயத்தில்: அரசன் மஹீஜித், முனிவர் லோமசர்; துவாதசியில் பவித்ராரோபணம்
देवता निर्जिताः सर्वाः स्वर्गभ्रष्टाः कृताः प्रभो ।
अत्युग्रेण हि दैत्येन मुरनाम्ना महौजसा ।
इंद्रस्य वचनं श्रुत्वा विष्णुर्वचनमब्रवीत् ॥ 65 ॥
All the gods have been defeated and cast out of heaven, O Lord, by the exceedingly fierce and mighty daitya named Mura. Hearing Indra’s words, Viṣṇu spoke.
ஆங்கில மொழிபெயர்ப்பு: ஹோரா — கோப்பில் உள்ள பதிப்பில் இந்தி உரை மட்டுமே உள்ளது.
அத்தியாயத்தில்: தேவர்களை ஸ்வர்க்கத்திலிருந்து விரட்டிய சந்திராவதியின் தைத்யன் முரன் — ஏகாதசியின் தோற்ற அத்தியாயம்
… for so many thousand years he is honoured in heaven. Bathing with sesame, rubbing the body with sesame, offering sesame into the fire, sesame in water —
ஆங்கில மொழிபெயர்ப்பு: ஹோரா — கோப்பில் உள்ள பதிப்பில் இந்தி உரை மட்டுமே உள்ளது.
Nārada asked the lotus-seated Brahmā: “The one in the dark fortnight of Phālguna, Vijayā by name — tell me her merit, O best of the twice-born, by your grace.”
ஆங்கில மொழிபெயர்ப்பு: ஹோரா — கோப்பில் உள்ள பதிப்பில் இந்தி உரை மட்டுமே உள்ளது.
அத்தியாயத்தில்: கடற்கரையில் ராமர், முனிவர் தால்ப்யர்
अमा वा यदि वा पूर्णा संपूर्णा जायते तदा ।
भूत्वा वै नाडिकाषष्ठिर्जायते प्रतिपद्दिने ।
अश्वमेधायुतैस्तुल्या सा भवेत्पक्षवर्द्धिनी ॥ 2 ॥
When the Amāvāsyā or the Pūrṇimā runs complete — a full sixty nāḍikās — and continues into the Pratipad day, that is Pakṣavardhinī, equal to ten thousand horse-sacrifices.
ஆங்கில மொழிபெயர்ப்பு: ஹோரா — கோப்பில் உள்ள பதிப்பில் இந்தி உரை மட்டுமே உள்ளது.
On the Dvādaśī the pavitrāropaṇa — the offering of the sacred thread — to Vāsudeva is taught, with threads of gold, silver, copper, linen, silk and lotus-fibre.
ஆங்கில மொழிபெயர்ப்பு: ஹோரா — கோப்பில் உள்ள பதிப்பில் இந்தி உரை மட்டுமே உள்ளது.
நூல் அந்நாளில் கேட்பது
அத்தியாயங்கள் அனைத்தும் சேர்ந்து கேட்பது இவையே: ஏகாதசி உபவாசம் (நிர்ஜலாவில் நீரின்றி); அத்தியாயம் கூறும் நாமத்தில் விஷ்ணு பூஜை — தாமோதரன், ஹ்ருஷீகேசன், பத்மநாபன்; நாளுக்கேற்ற நிவேதனம் — ஸபலாவில் பழங்கள், ஷட்திலாவில் எள், காமிகாவில் துளசி; பாடலும் ஸ்தோத்திரமுமாக இரவு விழிப்பு; துவாதசியில் பாரணைக்கு முன் மீண்டும் பூஜை. நாளின் ஜபம் துவாதசாக்ஷரீ — ஓம் நமோ பகவதே வாஸுதேவாய — மற்றும் விஷ்ணு ஸஹஸ்ரநாமம்.
🌘கிரகணங்கள்
வராஹமிஹிரர் இரண்டையும் அருகருகே தருகிறார். முதலில் கதை: அமுதம் சுவைத்த வெட்டப்பட்ட தலை கிரகமானது. பின் அறிவியல்: சந்திரன் பூமியின் நிழலில் நுழைகிறான்; சூரிய கிரகணத்தில் சந்திரன் சூரியனை மறைக்கிறான் — “ராகு காரணம் அல்ல”. சடங்கு ஏன் தொடர்கிறது: பிரம்மாவின் வரத்தால் கிரகண கால ஆஹுதியில் ராகுவுக்குப் பங்கு உண்டு.
Some say that this head, though severed from the demon (asura) on account of a taste of the nectar of immortality, was not abandoned by the vital breaths, and thus attained the status of a planet (graha).
The truth is: in its own eclipse, the Moon enters the earth’s shadow; in the Sun’s eclipse, the Moon obscures the Sun. Hence the eclipse begins, for the Moon, from the hindward part, and for the Sun, not from the forward part.
Thus has the true cause of an eclipse been stated by the teachers of divine sight (the astronomer-sages); and it has been said that Rahu is not the true, physical cause in this -- such is the real purport of the science.