The thirteenth tithi at twilight — the hour and a half around sunset when Śiva, having drunk the poison of the churned ocean, danced between the horns of Nandī for the joy of the gods. Worship in this window is held to please him swiftly; a Monday (Soma) or Saturday (Śani) Pradoṣa is prized most.
When the hālāhala poison rose from the churned ocean and scorched the worlds, the gods fled to Kailāsa. Śiva, in compassion, gathered the poison in his palm and drank it; Pārvatī pressed his throat, and it stayed there, turning it blue — Nīlakaṇṭha. The Skanda Purāṇa tells that on the thirteenth, at dusk, he danced in gladness while the gods stood round in worship, and relates how a destitute widow’s son and an orphaned prince, taught the Pradoṣa vow by the sage Śāṇḍilya, regained a kingdom by it.
🌙விரதம்
A fast from sunrise, broken after the twilight worship; kept on both thirteenths of the month.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
In the pradoṣa window: abhiṣeka of the liṅga with milk and water, bilva leaves, lamp and incense; Nandī is worshipped first and the liṅga viewed between his horns; the pradakṣiṇā is done in the half-circle Soma-sūtra manner; the Śiva-pradoṣa-stotra and Rudram are recited.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 2
ॐ नमः शिवाय ॥
oṃ namaḥ śivāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Śiva, the auspicious one.
பலன்: The five-syllable mantra at the heart of the Yajurveda — purifies the five elements of the body and steadies the mind in Śiva.
பொருள்: We worship the three-eyed Lord, fragrant, the nourisher of all; as a ripe gourd is freed from its stalk, may he free us from death, not from immortality.
பலன்: The great death-conquering mantra — japa of 108 for health, long life, recovery from illness and fearlessness.
The monthly night of Śiva, the fourteenth of the dark half, when the waning moon — the mind — is almost still. Those who keep all twelve through the year complete the vow on Mahā Śivarātri.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
Evening or midnight worship of the liṅga with water, milk and bilva; a fast through the day; japa of the pañcākṣarī.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 1
ॐ नमः शिवाय ॥
oṃ namaḥ śivāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Śiva, the auspicious one.
பலன்: The five-syllable mantra at the heart of the Yajurveda — purifies the five elements of the body and steadies the mind in Śiva.
The new moon, when Sun and Moon dwell together — the day that belongs to the ancestors. Offerings of water and sesame made today reach them directly, and their blessing is sought for the family’s welfare. A new moon on a Monday (Somavatī) is especially sacred for married women, who circle the pīpal tree 108 times; on a Saturday (Śanaiścarī) Śani is propitiated with sesame oil; on a Tuesday (Bhaumavatī) debts are said to be cleared by ancestral rites.
📜சாஸ்திரக் கதை
Mahābhārata, Anuśāsana-parva 87–92; Matsya Purāṇa 14 (Acchodā and the Pitṛs)
The Matsya Purāṇa tells of Acchodā, mind-born daughter of the Pitṛs, who through a moment’s wavering fell from heaven. The Pitṛs, in compassion, told her that the day of her fall would be named Amāvasyā, dear to them above all days, and that whatever is offered to the ancestors on it would be imperishable. Bhīṣma teaches Yudhiṣṭhira that of all tithis the new moon is foremost for the śrāddha.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
Tarpaṇa with water and black sesame facing south; feeding of crows, cows and the needy; a lamp of sesame oil under the pīpal at dusk; on Somavatī, circumambulation of the pīpal with thread, and a vow of silence at the bath.
Akṣaya means “that which never diminishes”. Whatever is given, offered into the fire or recited today is held to bear fruit that does not decay, and the whole day is a self-standing muhūrta — beginnings need no further election. It is kept as the birthday of Paraśurāma, the opening of the Tretā-yuga, and the day the Badarīnātha shrine reopens and the Ratha Yātrā chariots begin to be built at Purī.
📜சாஸ்திரக் கதை
Matsya Purāṇa 65; Mahābhārata, Vana-parva 3
The Matsya Purāṇa teaches that on the third of bright Vaiśākha, gifts, homa and japa become imperishable, and that one who fasts and worships Viṣṇu with unbroken rice (akṣata) gains the fruit of every tīrtha. The Mahābhārata tells how, at the start of the forest exile, Yudhiṣṭhira prayed to the Sun and received the Akṣaya-pātra — a copper vessel that gave inexhaustible food each day until Draupadī herself had eaten — so that no guest of the Pāṇḍavas went hungry for twelve years.
🪔பிராந்திய மரபுகளும் நாட்டுப்புறக் கதைகளும்
Tradition places Sudāmā’s visit to Kṛṣṇa with a handful of beaten rice on this day, along with the descent of Gaṅgā to earth and Vyāsa’s beginning the dictation of the Mahābhārata to Gaṇeśa. In Vṛndāvana the feet of Bāṅke Bihārī are shown only today; in Odisha farmers begin sowing with Akhi Muṭhi Anukūla; gold bought today is believed to grow.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
Bath at dawn, worship of Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa with akṣata, tulasī and sandal paste (candana-yātrā begins in Vaiṣṇava temples). Gifts of water pots, barley, saktu, curd-rice, fans, sandals and umbrellas are made for the summer; tarpaṇa is offered to the ancestors; a homa with barley and ghee is performed.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 2
ॐ नमो नारायणाय ॥
oṃ namo nārāyaṇāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Nārāyaṇa, the refuge of all beings.
பலன்: The eight-syllable mantra — the Upaniṣad says one who recites it attains full life, prosperity and the abode of Viṣṇu.
The eleventh tithi of each fortnight, dearest of all days to Viṣṇu. Eleven stands for the ten senses and the mind; on this day they are turned from food toward the Lord. The Padma Purāṇa gives each of the year’s Ekādaśīs its own name, story and fruit.
📜சாஸ்திரக் கதை
Padma Purāṇa, Uttara-khaṇḍa 38 — the birth of Ekādaśī
In the Kṛta age the asura Mura drove the gods from heaven. Viṣṇu fought him for a thousand divine years and then withdrew to rest in the cave Hemavatī at Badarikāśrama. Mura followed, meaning to slay the sleeping Lord — when from Viṣṇu’s own body sprang a radiant maiden, armed, who met the asura in battle and reduced him to ashes with a sound. Waking, the Lord asked who had done this; she answered that she was born of him, on the eleventh day. Pleased, he named her Ekādaśī and granted her wish: that whoever fasts on her day be freed from wrong and come to his abode.
🌙விரதம்
A light single meal on Daśamī; on Ekādaśī a full fast, or fruit and milk, with all grains and beans set aside; a night vigil with the names of Hari; and pāraṇa on Dvādaśī morning after sunrise, within the Dvādaśī, after feeding another.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
Viṣṇu is worshipped with tulasī leaves, sandal, flowers, lamp and fruit; the Viṣṇu-sahasranāma, the Gītā and the Ekādaśī-māhātmya of the day are read; lamps are lit before the tulasī at dusk.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 2
ॐ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय ॥
oṃ namo bhagavate vāsudevāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to the blessed Lord Vāsudeva.
பலன்: The dvādaśākṣara — by this mantra the child Dhruva saw the Lord within six months; recited for devotion, protection and liberation.
Bhāgavata Purāṇa 4.8.54 — the twelve-syllable mantra Nārada gives to Dhruva
ॐ नमो नारायणाय ॥
oṃ namo nārāyaṇāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Nārāyaṇa, the refuge of all beings.
பலன்: The eight-syllable mantra — the Upaniṣad says one who recites it attains full life, prosperity and the abode of Viṣṇu.
The thirteenth tithi at twilight — the hour and a half around sunset when Śiva, having drunk the poison of the churned ocean, danced between the horns of Nandī for the joy of the gods. Worship in this window is held to please him swiftly; a Monday (Soma) or Saturday (Śani) Pradoṣa is prized most.
When the hālāhala poison rose from the churned ocean and scorched the worlds, the gods fled to Kailāsa. Śiva, in compassion, gathered the poison in his palm and drank it; Pārvatī pressed his throat, and it stayed there, turning it blue — Nīlakaṇṭha. The Skanda Purāṇa tells that on the thirteenth, at dusk, he danced in gladness while the gods stood round in worship, and relates how a destitute widow’s son and an orphaned prince, taught the Pradoṣa vow by the sage Śāṇḍilya, regained a kingdom by it.
🌙விரதம்
A fast from sunrise, broken after the twilight worship; kept on both thirteenths of the month.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
In the pradoṣa window: abhiṣeka of the liṅga with milk and water, bilva leaves, lamp and incense; Nandī is worshipped first and the liṅga viewed between his horns; the pradakṣiṇā is done in the half-circle Soma-sūtra manner; the Śiva-pradoṣa-stotra and Rudram are recited.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 2
ॐ नमः शिवाय ॥
oṃ namaḥ śivāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Śiva, the auspicious one.
பலன்: The five-syllable mantra at the heart of the Yajurveda — purifies the five elements of the body and steadies the mind in Śiva.
பொருள்: We worship the three-eyed Lord, fragrant, the nourisher of all; as a ripe gourd is freed from its stalk, may he free us from death, not from immortality.
பலன்: The great death-conquering mantra — japa of 108 for health, long life, recovery from illness and fearlessness.
The full moon — the day of fullness, when the mind’s own planet is complete. It is the customary day for the Satyanārāyaṇa vrata, for charity, for honouring the guru and for a bath in sacred waters; each month’s full moon carries its own festival.
Nārada, grieved by the sufferings of people in the Kali age, asked Viṣṇu for a simple remedy, and the Lord taught him the worship of Satya-Nārāyaṇa — Truth itself as God. The kathā’s five chapters tell of a poor brāhmaṇa of Kāśī, a woodcutter, the merchant Sādhu and his daughter Kalāvatī, and King Tuṅgadhvaja: each prospered by keeping the vow and honouring its prasāda, and each stumbled on forgetting a promise made to the Lord — for truthfulness is the vow’s real offering.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
In the evening: a kalaśa and an image or picture of Viṣṇu under a canopy of plantain stems; offerings of tulasī, fruit and the prasāda of roasted wheat flour, sugar, ghee, milk and banana (sapāda-bhakṣya); the five-chapter kathā is read aloud and the prasāda shared with all. Arghya is offered to the risen moon.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 2
ॐ नमो नारायणाय ॥
oṃ namo nārāyaṇāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Nārāyaṇa, the refuge of all beings.
பலன்: The eight-syllable mantra — the Upaniṣad says one who recites it attains full life, prosperity and the abode of Viṣṇu.
Nārāyaṇa Upaniṣad (Kṛṣṇa Yajurveda)
ॐ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय ॥
oṃ namo bhagavate vāsudevāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to the blessed Lord Vāsudeva.
பலன்: The dvādaśākṣara — by this mantra the child Dhruva saw the Lord within six months; recited for devotion, protection and liberation.
Bhāgavata Purāṇa 4.8.54 — the twelve-syllable mantra Nārada gives to Dhruva
The fourth of the dark fortnight, Gaṇeśa’s monthly vow: saṅkaṣṭa-hara, “the remover of hardships”. The fast is kept until the moon rises. When it falls on a Tuesday it is Aṅgārakī, the most prized of all.
📜சாஸ்திரக் கதை
Gaṇeśa Purāṇa, Upāsanā-khaṇḍa; Mudgala Purāṇa
The Gaṇeśa Purāṇa tells that Aṅgāraka (Mars), son of the Earth and the sage Bharadvāja, worshipped Gaṇeśa with long austerity; the Lord appeared to him on a dark fourth that fell on a Tuesday and granted that the day bear his name, and that whoever keeps the vow on it have every obstacle removed. Each month’s Caturthī has its own form of Gaṇeśa and its own story, told at moonrise.
🌙விரதம்
A day-long fast, fruit and roots permitted; at moonrise Gaṇeśa is worshipped, arghya is given to the Moon, the kathā is heard and the fast is broken.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
Twenty-one dūrvā blades, red flowers, modaka or sesame laḍḍū; the Saṅkaṣṭa-nāśana Gaṇeśa-stotra from the Nārada Purāṇa and the Atharvaśīrṣa are recited.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 1
ॐ गं गणपतये नमः ॥
oṃ gaṃ gaṇapataye namaḥ ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Gaṇapati, lord of the hosts.
பலன்: Recited before every beginning — removes obstacles and grants success, learning and a steady intellect.
The eleventh tithi of each fortnight, dearest of all days to Viṣṇu. Eleven stands for the ten senses and the mind; on this day they are turned from food toward the Lord. The Padma Purāṇa gives each of the year’s Ekādaśīs its own name, story and fruit.
📜சாஸ்திரக் கதை
Padma Purāṇa, Uttara-khaṇḍa 38 — the birth of Ekādaśī
In the Kṛta age the asura Mura drove the gods from heaven. Viṣṇu fought him for a thousand divine years and then withdrew to rest in the cave Hemavatī at Badarikāśrama. Mura followed, meaning to slay the sleeping Lord — when from Viṣṇu’s own body sprang a radiant maiden, armed, who met the asura in battle and reduced him to ashes with a sound. Waking, the Lord asked who had done this; she answered that she was born of him, on the eleventh day. Pleased, he named her Ekādaśī and granted her wish: that whoever fasts on her day be freed from wrong and come to his abode.
🌙விரதம்
A light single meal on Daśamī; on Ekādaśī a full fast, or fruit and milk, with all grains and beans set aside; a night vigil with the names of Hari; and pāraṇa on Dvādaśī morning after sunrise, within the Dvādaśī, after feeding another.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
Viṣṇu is worshipped with tulasī leaves, sandal, flowers, lamp and fruit; the Viṣṇu-sahasranāma, the Gītā and the Ekādaśī-māhātmya of the day are read; lamps are lit before the tulasī at dusk.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 2
ॐ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय ॥
oṃ namo bhagavate vāsudevāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to the blessed Lord Vāsudeva.
பலன்: The dvādaśākṣara — by this mantra the child Dhruva saw the Lord within six months; recited for devotion, protection and liberation.
Bhāgavata Purāṇa 4.8.54 — the twelve-syllable mantra Nārada gives to Dhruva
ॐ नमो नारायणाय ॥
oṃ namo nārāyaṇāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Nārāyaṇa, the refuge of all beings.
பலன்: The eight-syllable mantra — the Upaniṣad says one who recites it attains full life, prosperity and the abode of Viṣṇu.
The thirteenth tithi at twilight — the hour and a half around sunset when Śiva, having drunk the poison of the churned ocean, danced between the horns of Nandī for the joy of the gods. Worship in this window is held to please him swiftly; a Monday (Soma) or Saturday (Śani) Pradoṣa is prized most.
When the hālāhala poison rose from the churned ocean and scorched the worlds, the gods fled to Kailāsa. Śiva, in compassion, gathered the poison in his palm and drank it; Pārvatī pressed his throat, and it stayed there, turning it blue — Nīlakaṇṭha. The Skanda Purāṇa tells that on the thirteenth, at dusk, he danced in gladness while the gods stood round in worship, and relates how a destitute widow’s son and an orphaned prince, taught the Pradoṣa vow by the sage Śāṇḍilya, regained a kingdom by it.
🌙விரதம்
A fast from sunrise, broken after the twilight worship; kept on both thirteenths of the month.
🔥பூஜையும் ஹோமமும்
In the pradoṣa window: abhiṣeka of the liṅga with milk and water, bilva leaves, lamp and incense; Nandī is worshipped first and the liṅga viewed between his horns; the pradakṣiṇā is done in the half-circle Soma-sūtra manner; the Śiva-pradoṣa-stotra and Rudram are recited.
ॐமந்திரங்களும் ஜபமும் 2
ॐ नमः शिवाय ॥
oṃ namaḥ śivāya ||
பொருள்: Salutation to Śiva, the auspicious one.
பலன்: The five-syllable mantra at the heart of the Yajurveda — purifies the five elements of the body and steadies the mind in Śiva.
பொருள்: We worship the three-eyed Lord, fragrant, the nourisher of all; as a ripe gourd is freed from its stalk, may he free us from death, not from immortality.
பலன்: The great death-conquering mantra — japa of 108 for health, long life, recovery from illness and fearlessness.
Ṛgveda 7.59.12 (Vasiṣṭha); Śukla Yajurveda 3.60
📖சாஸ்திர மேற்கோள்கள் 2
Skanda Purāṇa, Brahmottara-khaṇḍa 6–7
Bhāgavata Purāṇa 8.7
மேற்கோள் அலமாரி
◐இருபத்தாறு ஏகாதசிகள் 26
இருபத்து நான்கு ஏகாதசிகளின் ஆண்டு — வெளி வளையம் சுக்ல, உள் வளையம் கிருஷ்ண; நடுவில் அதிக மாதத்தின் இரண்டு
பத்ம புராணம், உத்தர காண்டம், அத்தியாயம் 38–63, ஒவ்வொரு ஏகாதசியின் மகிமையையும் ஸ்ரீ கிருஷ்ணர் யுதிஷ்டிரருக்குச் சொன்னபடியே கூறுகிறது. அட்டைகள் அமாந்த மாதத்தைத் தருகின்றன; புராணம் வட இந்தியப் பூர்ணிமாந்தக் கணக்கில் பேசுகிறது — நாள் ஒன்றே. ஒவ்வொரு அட்டையும் நூலகத்தில் அதன் அத்தியாயத்தைத் திறக்கிறது.
On the Dvādaśī the pavitrāropaṇa — the offering of the sacred thread — to Vāsudeva is taught, with threads of gold, silver, copper, linen, silk and lotus-fibre.
ஆங்கில மொழிபெயர்ப்பு: ஹோரா — கோப்பில் உள்ள பதிப்பில் இந்தி உரை மட்டுமே உள்ளது.
அத்தியாயத்தில்: அரசன் மஹீஜித், முனிவர் லோமசர்; துவாதசியில் பவித்ராரோபணம்
देवता निर्जिताः सर्वाः स्वर्गभ्रष्टाः कृताः प्रभो ।
अत्युग्रेण हि दैत्येन मुरनाम्ना महौजसा ।
इंद्रस्य वचनं श्रुत्वा विष्णुर्वचनमब्रवीत् ॥ 65 ॥
All the gods have been defeated and cast out of heaven, O Lord, by the exceedingly fierce and mighty daitya named Mura. Hearing Indra’s words, Viṣṇu spoke.
ஆங்கில மொழிபெயர்ப்பு: ஹோரா — கோப்பில் உள்ள பதிப்பில் இந்தி உரை மட்டுமே உள்ளது.
அத்தியாயத்தில்: தேவர்களை ஸ்வர்க்கத்திலிருந்து விரட்டிய சந்திராவதியின் தைத்யன் முரன் — ஏகாதசியின் தோற்ற அத்தியாயம்
… for so many thousand years he is honoured in heaven. Bathing with sesame, rubbing the body with sesame, offering sesame into the fire, sesame in water —
ஆங்கில மொழிபெயர்ப்பு: ஹோரா — கோப்பில் உள்ள பதிப்பில் இந்தி உரை மட்டுமே உள்ளது.
Nārada asked the lotus-seated Brahmā: “The one in the dark fortnight of Phālguna, Vijayā by name — tell me her merit, O best of the twice-born, by your grace.”
ஆங்கில மொழிபெயர்ப்பு: ஹோரா — கோப்பில் உள்ள பதிப்பில் இந்தி உரை மட்டுமே உள்ளது.
அத்தியாயத்தில்: கடற்கரையில் ராமர், முனிவர் தால்ப்யர்
अमा वा यदि वा पूर्णा संपूर्णा जायते तदा ।
भूत्वा वै नाडिकाषष्ठिर्जायते प्रतिपद्दिने ।
अश्वमेधायुतैस्तुल्या सा भवेत्पक्षवर्द्धिनी ॥ 2 ॥
When the Amāvāsyā or the Pūrṇimā runs complete — a full sixty nāḍikās — and continues into the Pratipad day, that is Pakṣavardhinī, equal to ten thousand horse-sacrifices.
ஆங்கில மொழிபெயர்ப்பு: ஹோரா — கோப்பில் உள்ள பதிப்பில் இந்தி உரை மட்டுமே உள்ளது.
On the Dvādaśī the pavitrāropaṇa — the offering of the sacred thread — to Vāsudeva is taught, with threads of gold, silver, copper, linen, silk and lotus-fibre.
ஆங்கில மொழிபெயர்ப்பு: ஹோரா — கோப்பில் உள்ள பதிப்பில் இந்தி உரை மட்டுமே உள்ளது.
நூல் அந்நாளில் கேட்பது
அத்தியாயங்கள் அனைத்தும் சேர்ந்து கேட்பது இவையே: ஏகாதசி உபவாசம் (நிர்ஜலாவில் நீரின்றி); அத்தியாயம் கூறும் நாமத்தில் விஷ்ணு பூஜை — தாமோதரன், ஹ்ருஷீகேசன், பத்மநாபன்; நாளுக்கேற்ற நிவேதனம் — ஸபலாவில் பழங்கள், ஷட்திலாவில் எள், காமிகாவில் துளசி; பாடலும் ஸ்தோத்திரமுமாக இரவு விழிப்பு; துவாதசியில் பாரணைக்கு முன் மீண்டும் பூஜை. நாளின் ஜபம் துவாதசாக்ஷரீ — ஓம் நமோ பகவதே வாஸுதேவாய — மற்றும் விஷ்ணு ஸஹஸ்ரநாமம்.
🌘கிரகணங்கள்
வராஹமிஹிரர் இரண்டையும் அருகருகே தருகிறார். முதலில் கதை: அமுதம் சுவைத்த வெட்டப்பட்ட தலை கிரகமானது. பின் அறிவியல்: சந்திரன் பூமியின் நிழலில் நுழைகிறான்; சூரிய கிரகணத்தில் சந்திரன் சூரியனை மறைக்கிறான் — “ராகு காரணம் அல்ல”. சடங்கு ஏன் தொடர்கிறது: பிரம்மாவின் வரத்தால் கிரகண கால ஆஹுதியில் ராகுவுக்குப் பங்கு உண்டு.
Some say that this head, though severed from the demon (asura) on account of a taste of the nectar of immortality, was not abandoned by the vital breaths, and thus attained the status of a planet (graha).
The truth is: in its own eclipse, the Moon enters the earth’s shadow; in the Sun’s eclipse, the Moon obscures the Sun. Hence the eclipse begins, for the Moon, from the hindward part, and for the Sun, not from the forward part.
Thus has the true cause of an eclipse been stated by the teachers of divine sight (the astronomer-sages); and it has been said that Rahu is not the true, physical cause in this -- such is the real purport of the science.